India proposes preferential trade pact with Mexico to counter high tariffs
India has proposed a preferential trade agreement with Mexico to mitigate the impact of steep import tariffs on Indian goods. The move aims to secure limited concessions quickly, protecting key export sectors affected by Mexico’s revised tariff regime
New Delhi: India has proposed a preferential trade agreement (PTA) with Mexico to help domestic exporters deal with the steep tariffs announced by the South American country, a top government official said on Monday.
Mexico has decided to impose steep import tariffs – ranging from about 5 per cent to as high as 50 per cent on a wide range of goods (about 1,463 tariff lines) from countries that do not have free trade agreements with Mexico, including India, China, South Korea, Thailand, and Indonesia.
Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal said that India has engaged with the country on the issue. “Technical level talks are on…The only fast way forward is to try to get a preferential trade agreement (PTA) because an FTA (free trade agreement) will take a lot of time. So we are trying to see what can be a good way forward,” he told reporters.
While in an FTA, two trading partners either significantly reduce or eliminate import duties on the maximum number of goods traded between them, in a PTA, duties are cut or removed on a limited number of products.
Trading partners of Mexico cannot file a complaint against the decision to impose high tariffs, as they are WTO (World Trade Organisation) compatible. The duties are within their bound rates, he said, adding that their primary target was not India.
“We have proposed a PTA because it’s a WTO-compatible way forward… we can do a PTA and try to get concessions that are required for Indian supply chains and similarly offer them concessions where they have export interests in India,” Agrawal said.
Citing support for local production and correction of trade imbalances, Mexico has approved an increase in MFN (most favoured nation) import tariffs (5-50 per cent) with effect from January 1, 2026, on 1,455 tariff lines (or product categories) within the WTO framework, targeting non-FTA partners.
Preliminary estimates suggest that this affects India’s around USD 2 billion exports to Mexico, particularly — automobiles, two-wheelers, auto parts, textiles, iron and steel, plastics, leather, and footwear.
The measure is also aimed at curbing Chinese imports. India-Mexico merchandise trade totalled USD 8.74 billion in 2024, with exports of USD 5.73 billion, imports of USD 3.01 billion, and a trade surplus of USD 2.72 billion.
The government has been continuously and comprehensively assessing Mexico’s tariff revisions since the issue emerged, engaging stakeholders, safeguarding the interests of Indian exporters, and pursuing constructive dialogue to ensure a stable trade environment benefiting businesses and consumers in both countries.
Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) Director General Ajay Sahai has said that Mexico’s decision is a matter of concern, particularly for sectors like automobiles and auto components, machinery, electrical and electronics, organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and plastics.
“Such steep duties will erode our competitiveness and risk, disrupting supply chains that have taken years to develop,” Sahai said, adding that this development also underlines the little urgency for India and Mexico to fast-track a comprehensive trade agreement.
Domestic auto component manufacturers will face enhanced cost pressures with Mexico hiking duties on Indian imports, according to industry body ACMA.
