Why pineapple makes your mouth tingle?

Bromelain, a group of enzymes in pineapple leads to mild irritation, resulting in the tingling or burning sensation

Hyderabad: The tingling or burning sensation in your mouth after eating fresh pineapple is primarily caused by the action of bromelain, a group of enzymes found in the fruit. Bromelain is a protease, meaning it breaks down proteins into smaller fragments. When you consume fresh pineapple, these enzymes begin to break down the proteins in the delicate tissues inside your mouth, particularly in the soft lining of the tongue, cheeks, and gums. This process leads to mild irritation, resulting in the tingling or burning sensation.

In addition to bromelain, the natural acidity of pineapple plays a role in the discomfort. Pineapple contains citric acid and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), both of which can contribute to a sensation of irritation or burning, especially if your mouth is already sensitive. The combination of the acidic nature of the fruit and the enzymatic activity of bromelain intensifies the feeling.

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Another factor is that bromelain can also have a mild exfoliating effect, which removes dead skin cells from the surface of your mouth’s soft tissues. This is why you may feel a tingling or discomfort immediately after eating fresh pineapple, especially if you eat a large amount.

It’s important to note that this sensation is temporary, and it typically fades once the pineapple is no longer in your mouth. Cooking, canning, or juicing the pineapple neutralises bromelain, so these forms of pineapple don’t have the same effect on your mouth. This is why canned or cooked pineapple doesn’t cause the tingling sensation, as the enzymes have been deactivated through heat.