Destination USA: Understanding CPT and OPT — what international students should know about United States

CPT and OPT are two important employment opportunities for international students, but they can be a bit confusing at first

Hyderabad: If you are planning to study in the United States, you will likely come across terms like CPT and OPT. These are two important employment opportunities for international students, but they can be a bit confusing at first. Let’s break them down to make them easier to understand.

What is CPT?

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Curricular Practical Training (CPT) allows international students to work part-time or full-time in positions directly related to their field of study. This can include internships, cooperative education programs, or other practical training that is an integral part of the curriculum.

When can I apply for CPT?

• You can apply for CPT after completing one academic year (typically nine months) at a university accredited by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP).
• However, if CPT is a required part of your program from the first semester, doctoral students in certain programs may be eligible to apply earlier. Always check the specific rules for your program.

How so you apply for CPT?

Consult with your university’s International Student Office (ISO) or International Student and Scholar Services (ISS). Discuss your internship or job opportunity with your academic advisor or program coordinator to ensure it is connected to your major field of study. Obtain approval from your Designated School Official (DSO), who will issue a new Form I-20 with CPT authorization. Once you receive your updated I-20, you can begin working under CPT.

Key points about CPT 

• CPT may be part-time during the semester (up to 20 hours per week) or full-time during breaks or summer (more than 20 hours per week).
• If you use full-time CPT for more than 12 months, you will lose eligibility for Optional Practical Training (OPT).

What is OPT?

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a work authorization that allows F-1 students to work in the United States for up to 12 months in a job directly related to their field of study. OPT can be used either during or after completing your academic program.

Types of OPT 
• Pre-Completion OPT: Used while you are still studying. Any time used for pre-completion OPT is deducted from the total 12-month allowance.
• Post-Completion OPT: Used after graduation. Most students opt for this to gain work experience after completing their program.

Who is eligible for OPT?
• Students who have completed at least one academic year of full-time study in F-1 status.
• You can apply for OPT up to 90 days before completing your program and up to 60 days after completion.

How do you apply for OPT?

Contact your university’s International Student Office. Your DSO will guide you through the OPT request process and update your SEVIS record. You will receive a new Form I-20 showing your OPT request. Submit your application to US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), including the required fees, photos, and supporting documents. Once approved, USCIS will issue an Employment Authorization Document (EAD), which allows you to begin working.

STEM OPT Extension

If your degree is in a STEM-designated field, you may qualify for a 24-month OPT extension, allowing you to work for up to 36 months. To apply for the STEM OPT extension, you need a job offer from an employer registered in the E-Verify system, a completed Form I-983 training plan signed by you and your employer.

CPT and OPT are excellent opportunities to gain real-world experience in the United States and apply what you’ve learned in the classroom. However, since these programs are tied to your visa status, it is crucial to follow the rules, apply on time, and stay in touch with your international student advisors.

You are not alone in this journey — use the resources available through your university or EducationUSA. With proper planning, you can make the most of your time in the United States, both academically and professionally.

EducationUSA is the US Department of State’s official resource for accurate, free, and up-to-date information about studying in the United States. Students can download the EducationUSA India app, available for free on iOS and Android devices, for the latest information about the college application process. Or visit https://educationusa.in/.

In Hyderabad, please visit the only EducationUSA center at,
EducationUSA@YAxis Foundation
S.L. Jubilee, Road No.36, Jubilee Hills,
Hyderabad-500033
Landline: 9000522000
Mobile: 91 9618680143 | 9618761143
Email:HyderabadYAF@educationusa.org
Website: https://educationusa.state.gov