Supreme Court hears Trump’s birthright citizenship order and five other major cases

Justices will rule on nationwide injunction limits, school LGBTQ-storybook opt-outs, Louisiana redistricting, Texas porn-law challenge and more before breaking until October

Washington: The Supreme Court will convene at 10 a.m. Friday for its last public session of the term, weighing President Trump’s bid to enforce an executive order that seeks to deny birthright citizenship to U.S.-born children of parents in the country illegally. The justices will also decide whether to curb judges’ authority to issue nationwide injunctions, and hand down rulings in high-profile cases involving religious-rights challenges in public schools, Louisiana congressional maps and a Texas online-pornography law.

By blocking the birthright citizenship order nationwide, three lower courts have prevented any changes from taking effect. The Trump administration has appealed urgently, asking the Supreme Court to narrow those injunctions and limit lower-court power to halt executive actions across the country.

---

Justices have expressed frustration with the rise of nationwide injunctions over the past decade, which both Republican and Democratic administrations have seen as a check on their policies. The outcome could reshape how far a single district court can extend relief to non-parties in future suits.

Also on the docket is a case from Montgomery County, Maryland, where parents challenged a public-school policy that requires LGBTQ-themed storybooks in lessons without an opt-out. The district had briefly allowed students to skip those lessons but reversed course after finding the policy disruptive; sex education remains the only subject with an explicit opt-out provision.

In another major dispute, justices will revisit Louisiana’s congressional map, which creates a second Black-majority district among the state’s six U.S. House seats. Lower courts struck down two prior maps since 2022, and at March arguments, conservative justices indicated they might reject this iteration and narrow Voting Rights Act claims based on race. A Black Democrat won the new district in 2024.

Finally, the Court will address the Free Speech Coalition’s challenge to Texas’s age-verification law for online pornography. While the adult-entertainment group agrees minors should be blocked from explicit material, it argues the law wrongfully burdens adults by forcing them to submit personal data vulnerable to hacking or tracking.

The justices’ decisions on these six cases will conclude their work until the new term begins October 6.